- Do You Need Visa to Visit Kazakhstan?
- Visa Types
-
FAQ
- I am from a country whose citizens do not need a visa to enter Kazakhstan. Can I experience any problems at the border, while entering Kazakhstan? - Will my fees be refunded if my visa is refused? - Do I have to participate in the Embassy or Visa Administrative Center in person, if I am not applying to E-visa? - What is the local currency in Kazakhstan? - Could the Embassy/Consulate request me to provide additional documents or information? - Can I get a refusal for my E-visa application? - What happens after submitting Kazakhstan E-visa?
- Blogs About Kazakhstan That Might Inspire You to Visit
Do You Need Visa to Visit Kazakhstan?
Visa is required
e-Visa
Visa is free
Do You Need Visa to Visit Kazakhstan? Check It Out!
Visa Types
Visa Types and Categories to Apply for Kazakhstan
You can realize your planned trip to Kazakhstan by obtaining a Kazakhstan visa. Foreign nationals can apply to Kazakhstan short-term visas (tourist visa, E-visa) for temporary reasons (tourism, business, cultural, and other short-term purposes). If you want to stay in Kazakhstan for a longer period for some reason (such as study, employment, etc.) you can also apply for Kazakhstan long-term visas (residence).
Kazakhstan E-visa
Kazakhstan E-visa can be issued only if there is a valid invitation from Kazakhstan. You need an invitation number from the inviter in Kazakhstan in order to apply for E-visa. You must print the issued electronic visa and present it at the state on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Electronic visa gives the right to enter/exit Kazakhstan only through the international airports of Nur-Sultan and Almaty.
Required Documents for Kazakhstan E-visa
1. Application Form
- Duly completed application form
2. Photo
- One passport size and colored photo
3. Passport and Copy of the Main Page of Passport
- Passport should be valid at least 3 months after the expiry date of the visa
- It should have at least 2 blank pages
- There should not be any marks, remarks, records, erasures, and corrections, torn out or unbound page on the passport
Processing Time for Kazakhstan E-visa
The average processing time for Kazakhstan e-visa is 5 working days.
Kazakhstan E-visa Fee
Kazakhstan E-visa fee is 60-90 USD (it can vary depending on your country and nationality) for single-entry visas and applicants can also pay an additional fee for urgent processing.
Where to Apply for Kazakhstan E-visa Application?
You will apply to Kazakhstan E-visa online. You can apply for an E-visa through this website.
Kazakhstan Short-stay Visa
Kazakhstan Short-stay Visa
If you are not eligible for E-Visa, you can also apply for traditional "on paper" visas for realizing your short-term travel to Kazakhstan. Reasons to apply for this type of visa can be tourism, visiting family or friends, business trips, and many other non-permanent nuances. You can check all the required documents for each type of visa application, visa fees, processing time, and where to apply for a visa below.
Kazakhstan Tourist Visa
Kazakhstan Tourist visa is issued for applicants intending to visit Kazakhstan for tourism and sightseeing. You can apply for a Kazakhstan Tourist visa in order to realize your tourist activities.
Required Documents for Kazakhstan Tourist Visa
1. Application Form
- Duly completed application form
2. Photo
- One passport size and colored photo
3. Passport and Copy of the Main Page of Passport
- Passport should be valid at least 3 months after the expiry date of the visa
- It should have at least 2 blank pages
- There should not be any marks, remarks, records, erasures, and corrections, torn out or unbound page on the passport
4. National Identity Card and Resident Permit/Visa Copy (if Your Country of Residence and Citizenship are Different)
5. Proof of the Purpose of Travel
- A letter which indicates the purpose, period of the trip and places to be visited
- Authorized invitation letter
- It should be prepared by a registered and licensed travel agency to invite a foreigner to Kazakhstan
6. Proof of Accommodation
- Hotel reservation
- Invitation letter from the host in Kazakhstan. Letter should:
- Indicate the place where the applicant will stay
- Inviter who takes the full responsibility should sign the letter
- Address in Kazakhstan
- A notarized copy of the agreement with a landlord for an apartment
7. Proof of Financial Means
- Bank statements
- Travelers’ cheques
- Proof of salary
- Cash available
- International credit card and etc.
8. For Minors:
- Copy and English translation of either birth certificate/proof of adoption/custody decree if parents are divorced/death certificate of parent
- Permit letter by parents/guardians if minor is traveling alone or permit letter by one of the guardians/parents in case of minor is traveling with one of them
9. Medical Insurance
- It should cover the whole period of stay
*Additional documents can be required by the embassy.
Processing Time for Kazakhstan Tourist Visa
The average processing time for a Kazakhstan Tourist visa is 2-7 working days. It depends on your visa application country.
Kazakhstan Tourist Visa Fee
Kazakhstan Tourist visa fee is 20-80 USD for single entry, approximately 200 USD for multiple entry visa. The fee may vary depending on your nationality or your country of submission.
Where to Apply for Kazakhstan Tourist Visa?
You will apply for a Kazakhstan Tourist visa in Kazakhstan visa application centers, embassies, or consulates, whichever accepts visa applications in your country of residence. If there is none of them in your country, you need to apply to the nearest embassy or consulate to your location.
Kazakhstan Business Visa
Kazakhstan Business visa gives you the authorization to enter Kazakhstan and stay here for a maximum period of your visa validity, as permitted. It permits its holder to engage in business-related activities such as attending meetings or conferences, conducting or attending the training, conducting internal audits, installing equipment, or performing other temporary services for a client, local affiliate, or branch office.
Required Documents for Kazakhstan Business Visa
1. Application Form
- Duly completed application form
2. Photo
- One passport size and colored photo
3. Passport and Copy of the Main Page of Passport
- Passport should be valid at least 3 months after the expiry date of the visa
- It should have at least 2 blank pages
- There should not be any marks, remarks, records, erasures, and corrections, torn out or unbound page on the passport
4. National Identity Card and Resident Permit/Visa Copy (if Your Country of Residence and Citizenship are Different)
5. Proof of the Purpose of Travel
- A letter which indicates the purpose, period of the trip and places to be visited
- Authorized invitation letter
- It should be prepared by a registered and licensed company to invite a foreigner to Kazakhstan
6. Proof of Accommodation
- Hotel reservation
- Invitation letter from the host in Kazakhstan. Letter should:
- Indicate the place where the applicant will stay
- Inviter who takes the full responsibility should sign the letter
- Address in Kazakhstan
- A notarized copy of the agreement with a landlord for an apartment
7. Proof of Financial Means
- Bank statements
- Travelers’ cheques
- Proof of salary
- Cash available
- International credit card and etc.
8. Medical Insurance
- It should cover the whole period of stay
*Additional documents can be required by the embassy.
Processing Time for Kazakhstan Business Visa
The average processing time for a Kazakhstan Business visa is 2-7 working days. It depends on your visa application country.
Kazakhstan Business Visa Fee
Kazakhstan Business visa fee is 20-80 USD for single entry, approximately 200 USD for multiple entry visa. The fee may vary depending on your nationality or your country of submission.
Where to Apply for Kazakhstan Business Visa?
You will apply for a Kazakhstan Business visa in Kazakhstan visa application centers, embassies, or consulates, whichever accepts visa applications in your country of residence. If there is none of them in your country, you need to apply to the nearest embassy or consulate to your location.
Kazakhstan Diplomatic Visa
Kazakhstan Diplomatic Visa is applied to the heads of governments, international organizations, and their families. Kazakhstan Diplomatic Visa enables to conduct of diplomatic activities.
Required Documents for Kazakhstan Diplomatic Visa
1. Application Form
- Duly completed application form
2. Photo
- One passport size colored photo
3. Passport and Copy of the Main Page of Passport
- Passport should be valid at least 3 months after the expiry date of the visa
- It should have at least 2 blank pages
- There should not be any marks, remarks, records, erasures, and corrections, torn out or unbound page on the passport
4. National Identity Card and Resident Permit/Visa Copy (if Your Country of Residence and Citizenship are Different)
5. Proof of the Purpose of Travel
- A letter which indicates the purpose, period of the trip and places to be visited
- Note Verbale
- Instruction of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
6. Proof of Accommodation
- Hotel reservation
- Invitation letter from the host in Kazakhstan. Letter should:
- Indicate the place where the applicant will stay
- Inviter who takes the full responsibility should sign the letter
- Address in Kazakhstan
- A notarized copy of the agreement with a landlord for an apartment
7. Proof of Financial Means
- Bank statements
- Travelers’ cheques
- Proof of salary
- Cash available
- International credit card and etc.
8. Medical Insurance
- It should cover the whole period of stay
*Additional documents can be required by the embassy.
Processing Time for Kazakhstan Diplomatic Visa
The average processing time for a Kazakhstan Diplomatic visa is 2-7 working days. It depends on your visa application country.
Kazakhstan Diplomatic Visa Fee
Kazakhstan Diplomatic visa fee is 20-80 USD for single entry, approximately 200 USD for multiple entry visa. The fee may vary depending on your nationality or your country of submission.
Where to Apply for Kazakhstan Diplomatic Visa?
You will apply for a Kazakhstan Diplomatic visa in Kazakhstan visa application centers, embassies, or consulates, whichever accepts visa applications in your country of residence. If there is none of them in your country, you need to apply to the nearest embassy or consulate to your location.
Kazakhstan Medical Visa
Kazakhstan Visa for Medical purpose allows you to enter Kazakhstan and seek and receive medical treatment for your health condition for a period of less than 3 months. This visa is designated for those who need to receive medical care in Kazakhstan.
Required Documents for Kazakhstan Medical Visa
1. Application Form
- Duly completed application form
2. Photo
- One passport size colored photo
3. Passport and Copy of the Main Page of Passport
- Passport should be valid at least 3 months after the expiry date of the visa
- It should have at least 2 blank pages
- There should not be any marks, remarks, records, erasures, and corrections, torn out or unbound page on the passport
4. National Identity Card and Resident Permit/Visa Copy (if Your Country of Residence and Citizenship are Different)
5. Proof of the Purpose of Travel
- A letter which indicates the purpose, period of the trip and places to be visited
- Authorized invitation letter
- Letter from a medical institution in Kazakhstan
- The letter should indicate the necessity of care of the applicant under Kazakhstan medical institution
- Instruction of Kazakhstan Ministry of Internal Affairs
6. Proof of Accommodation
- Hotel reservation
- Invitation letter from the host in Kazakhstan. Letter should:
- Indicate the place where the applicant will stay
- Inviter who takes the full responsibility should sign the letter
- Address in Kazakhstan
- A notarized copy of the agreement with a landlord for an apartment
7. Proof of Financial Means
- Bank statements
- Travelers’ cheques
- Proof of salary
- Cash available
- International credit card and etc.
8. For Minors:
- Copy and English translation of either birth certificate/proof of adoption/custody decree if parents are divorced/death certificate of parent
- Permit letter by parents/guardians if minor is traveling alone or permit letter by one of the guardians/parents in case of minor is traveling with one of them
9. Medical Insurance
- It should cover the whole period of stay
*Additional documents can be required by the embassy.
Processing Time for Kazakhstan Medical Visa
The average processing time for a Kazakhstan Medical visa is 2-7 working days. It depends on your visa application country.
Kazakhstan Medical Visa Fee
Kazakhstan Medical visa fee is 20-80 USD for single entry, approximately 200 USD for multiple entry visa. The fee may vary depending on your nationality or your country of submission.
Where to Apply for Kazakhstan Medical Visa?
You will apply for a Kazakhstan Medical visa in Kazakhstan visa application centers, embassies, or consulates, whichever accepts visa applications in your country of residence. If there is none of them in your country, you need to apply to the nearest embassy or consulate to your location.
Kazakhstan Transit Visa
A transit visa is a visa that is valid for 5 days. Depending on your nationality and destination country, you may need to have a transit visa to connect to a foreign airport or cross through a foreign country.
Required Documents for Kazakhstan Transit Visa
1. Application Form
- Duly completed application form
2. Photo
- One passport size colored photo
3. Passport and Copy of the Main Page of Passport
- Passport should be valid at least 3 months after the expiry date of the visa
- It should have at least 2 blank pages
- There should not be any marks, remarks, records, erasures, and corrections, torn out or unbound page on the passport
4. National Identity Card and Resident Permit/Visa Copy (if Your Country of Residence and Citizenship are Different)
5. Proof of Accommodation
- Hotel reservation (if any)
- Invitation letter from the host in Kazakhstan. The letter should indicate the place where the applicant will stay
- Inviter who takes the full responsibility should sign the letter
- Address in Kazakhstan
- A notarized copy of the agreement with a landlord for an apartment
6. Evidence of Onward Travel
- Visa, train, or plane ticket
7. Proof of Financial Means
- Bank statements
- Travelers’ cheques
- Proof of salary
- Cash available
- International credit card and etc.
8. Medical Insurance
- It should cover the whole period of stay
*Additional documents can be required by the embassy.
Processing Time for Kazakhstan Transit Visa
The average processing time for a Kazakhstan Transit visa is 2-7 working days. It depends on your visa application country.
Kazakhstan Transit Visa Fee
Kazakhstan Transit visa fee is 10-20 USD. The fee may vary depending on your nationality or your country of submission.
Where to Apply for Kazakhstan Transit Visa?
You will apply for a Kazakhstan Transit visa in Kazakhstan visa application centers, embassies, or consulates, whichever accepts visa applications in your country of residence. If there is none of them in your country, you need to apply to the nearest embassy or consulate to your location.
Kazakhstan Long-stay Visa
Kazakhstan Long-stay Visa
Even if your country is exempt from visa requirements, if you intend to stay longer in Kazakhstan, you will need to apply for a long-stay visa from your home country before coming to Kazakhstan.
For any stay in Kazakhstan exceeding 90 days, you are required to apply in advance for a long-stay visa. In this instance, your nationality does not exempt you from requirements.
Whatever the duration of your planned stay, the length of your long-stay visa must be between three months and one year. To extend your stay beyond the period of validity of your visa, you must apply for a residence permit at a corresponding administration.
Kazakhstan Study (Long-stay) Visa
This visa is intended to permit foreign nationals to obtain a long-term visa, allowing them to stay in Kazakhstan for a longer period. This visa applies to those who are admitted to the state college or state university in Kazakhstan.
Required Documents for Kazakhstan Study (Long-stay) Visa
1. Application Form
- Duly completed application form
2. Photo
- One passport size colored photo
3. Passport and Copy of the Main Page of Passport
- Passport should be valid at least 3 months after the expiry date of the visa
- It should have at least 2 blank pages
- There should not be any marks, remarks, records, erasures, and corrections, torn out or unbound page on the passport
4. National Identity Card and Resident Permit/Visa Copy (if Your Country of Residence and Citizenship are Different)
5. Proof of Purpose of the Visit
- A letter which indicates the purpose, period of the trip and places to be visited
- Scanned copy of invitation letter from the university that shows the reference number
- Admission letter from Kazakhstan university. (later, you will get a student status order)
6. Proof of Accommodation
- Address in Kazakhstan
- Certificate from the dormitory if you live there, or
- A notarized copy of the agreement with a landlord for an apartment
7. Proof of Financial Means
- Bank statements
- Travelers’ cheques
- Proof of salary
- Cash available
- International credit card and etc.
8. For Minors:
- Copy and English translation of either birth certificate/proof of adoption/custody decree if parents are divorced/death certificate of parent
- Permit letter by parents/guardians if minor is traveling alone or permit letter by one of the guardians/parents in case of minor is traveling with one of them
9. Medical Insurance
- It should cover the whole period of stay
*Additional documents can be required by the embassy.
Processing Time for Kazakhstan Study (Long-stay) Visa
The average processing time for a Kazakhstan Study (Long-stay) visa is 5-30 working days. It depends on your visa application country.
Kazakhstan Study (Long-stay) Visa Fee
Kazakhstan Study (Long-stay) visa fee is 60-80 USD for a single entry, approximately 200 USD for a multiple entry visa. The fee may vary depending on your nationality or your country of submission.
Where to Apply for Kazakhstan Study (Long-stay) Visa?
You will apply for a Kazakhstan Study (Long-stay) visa in Kazakhstan visa application centers, embassies, or consulates, whichever accepts visa applications in your country of residence. If there is none of them in your country, you need to apply to the nearest embassy or consulate to your location.
Kazakhstan Work (Long-stay) Visa
This visa is intended to permit foreign nationals to obtain a long-term visa, allowing them to stay in Kazakhstan for a longer period. This visa applies to those who want to work within the legal frame of employment upon taking an employment permit and the work permit as per appointed procedure from competent regional authorities.
Required Documents for Kazakhstan Work (Long-stay) Visa
1. Application Form
- Duly completed application form
2. Photo
- One passport size colored photo
3. Passport and Copy of the Main Page of Passport
- Passport should be valid at least 3 months after the expiry date of the visa
- It should have at least 2 blank pages
- There should not be any marks, remarks, records, erasures, and corrections, torn out or unbound page on the passport
4. National Identity Card and Resident Permit/Visa Copy (if Your Country of Residence and Citizenship are Different)
5. Proof of Purpose of the Visit
- A letter which indicates the purpose, period of the trip and places to be visited
- Employment Contract
- Scanned copy of invitation letter from the company that shows the reference number
- Permission letter for the employer to hire foreign labor
- Or document verifying in accordance with the legislation of Kazakhstan to which Kazakhstan is the party, the visa recipient does not have to get employment permission or recruitment foreign labor force
6. Proof of Accommodation
- Address in Kazakhstan
- Certificate from the dormitory if you live there, or
- A notarized copy of the agreement with a landlord for an apartment
7. Proof of Financial Means
- Bank statements
- Travelers’ cheques
- Proof of salary
- Cash available
- International credit card and etc.
8. Medical Insurance
- It should cover the whole period of stay
*Additional documents can be required by the embassy.
Processing Time for Kazakhstan Work (Long-stay) Visa
The average processing time for a Kazakhstan Work (Long-stay) visa is 5-30 working days. It depends on your visa application country.
Kazakhstan Work (Long-stay) Visa Fee
Kazakhstan Work (Long-stay) visa fee is 60-80 USD for a single entry, approximately 200 USD for a multiple entry visa. The fee may vary depending on your nationality or your country of submission.
Where to Apply for Kazakhstan Work (Long-stay) Visa?
You will apply for a Kazakhstan Work (Long-stay) visa in Kazakhstan visa application centers, embassies, or consulates, whichever accepts visa applications in your country of residence. If there is none of them in your country, you need to apply to the nearest embassy or consulate to your location.
Kazakhstan Investor Visa
The applicants who are heads of division of legal entities and wish to carry out investment activities in Kazakhstan can apply for Kazakhstan Investor Visa.
Required Documents for Kazakhstan Investor Visa
1. Application Form
- Duly completed application form
2. Photo
- One passport size colored photo
3. Passport and Copy of the Main Page of Passport
- Passport should be valid at least 3 months after the expiry date of the visa
- It should have at least 2 blank pages
- There should not be any marks, remarks, records, erasures, and corrections, torn out or unbound page on the passport
4. National Identity Card and Resident Permit/Visa Copy (if Your Country of Residence and Citizenship are Different)
5. Proof of the Purpose of Travel
- A letter which indicates the purpose, period of the trip and places to be visited
- Authorized invitation letter
- A request of inviter party
- Permission from Kazakhstan authority which regulates investment activities
6. Proof of Accommodation
- Hotel reservation
- Invitation letter from the host in Kazakhstan. Letter should:
- Indicate the place where the applicant will stay
- Inviter who takes the full responsibility should sign the letter
- Address in Kazakhstan
- A notarized copy of the agreement with a landlord for an apartment
7. Proof of Financial Means
- Bank statements
- Travelers’ cheques
- Proof of salary
- Cash available
- International credit card and etc.
8. Medical Insurance
- It should cover the whole period of stay
*Additional documents can be required by the embassy.
Processing Time for Kazakhstan Investor Visa
The average processing time for a Kazakhstan Investor visa is 5-30 working days. It depends on your visa application country.
Kazakhstan Investor Visa Fee
Kazakhstan Investor visa fee is 60-80 USD for a single entry, approximately 200 USD for a multiple entry visa. The fee may vary depending on your nationality or your country of submission.
Where to Apply for Kazakhstan Investor Visa?
You will apply for a Kazakhstan Investor visa in Kazakhstan visa application centers, embassies, or consulates, whichever accepts visa applications in your country of residence. If there is none of them in your country, you need to apply to the nearest embassy or consulate to your location.
Kazakhstan Family Reunion Visa
This visa is intended to permit foreign nationals to obtain a long-term visa, allowing them to stay in Kazakhstan for a longer period. This visa applies to family members of Kazakhstan nationals, permanent or temporary residents (residency not less than 2 years) who are wishing to obtain a permit for long-term residence in Kazakhstan.
Required Documents for Kazakhstan Family Reunion Visa
1. Application Form
- Duly completed application form
2. Photo
- One passport size colored photo
3. Passport and Copy of the Main Page of Passport
- Passport should be valid at least 3 months after the expiry date of the visa
- It should have at least 2 blank pages
- There should not be any marks, remarks, records, erasures, and corrections, torn out or unbound page on the passport
4. National Identity Card and Resident Permit/Visa Copy (if Your Country of Residence and Citizenship are Different)
5. Proof of the Purpose of Travel
- The letter which indicates the purpose, period of the trip and places to be visited
- Authorized invitation letter
- A petition from the inviter
- Notarized copy of temporary residence permit of the inviter in Kazakhstan (if the inviter is not a citizen)
- Notarized copy of identity document of the inviter
- Document proving the availability of funds (at least minimum wage level) for living of each family member
- Proof of property of the inviter
- The area of the property should not be less than the minimum standard for each family member
- Proof of kinship
- Notarized copy of document verifying the relationship between the applicants and the inviter
6. Proof of Accommodation
- Hotel reservation
- Invitation letter from the host in Kazakhstan. Letter should:
- Indicate the place where the applicant will stay
- Inviter who takes the full responsibility should sign the letter
- Address in Kazakhstan
- A notarized copy of the agreement with a landlord for an apartment
7. Proof of Financial Means
- Bank statements
- Travelers’ cheques
- Proof of salary
- Cash available
- International credit card and etc.
8. For Minors:
- Copy and English translation of either birth certificate/proof of adoption/custody decree if parents are divorced/death certificate of parent
- Permit letter by parents/guardians if minor is traveling alone or permit letter by one of the guardians/parents in case of minor is traveling with one of them
9. Medical Insurance
- It should cover the whole period of stay
*Additional documents can be required by the embassy.
Processing Time for Kazakhstan Family Reunion Visa
The average processing time for a Kazakhstan Family Reunion visa is 5-30 working days. It depends on your visa application country.
Kazakhstan Family Reunion Visa Fee
Kazakhstan Family Reunion visa fee is 60-80 USD for a single entry, approximately 200 USD for a multiple entry visa. The fee may vary depending on your nationality or your country of submission.
Where to Apply for Kazakhstan Family Reunion Visa?
You will apply for a Kazakhstan Family Reunion visa in Kazakhstan visa application centers, embassies, or consulates, whichever accepts visa applications in your country of residence. If there is none of them in your country, you need to apply to the nearest embassy or consulate to your location.
EMBASSY INFORMATION AND LOCATION
FAQ
I am from a country whose citizens do not need a visa to enter Kazakhstan. Can I experience any problems at the border, while entering Kazakhstan?
You must meet certain requirements to enter Kazakhstan, even if you are not required a visa:
- The purpose of your trip to Kazakhstan must be plausible and comprehensible.
- Your passport should be valid for at least 3 months beyond your stay in Kazakhstan.
- You must be able to finance your own living and travel costs.
- You must hold a confirmed return flight to prove that you are prepared to leave Kazakhstan before the duration of the permitted stay ends.
- You must have travel health insurance for the whole duration of your stay in Kazakhstan.
- You must not pose a threat to security or public order.
Will my fees be refunded if my visa is refused?
All fees are non-refundable and will not be refunded if your visa application is not successful.
Do I have to participate in the Embassy or Visa Administrative Center in person, if I am not applying to E-visa?
It depends on your country of residence or the embassy/consulate/Visa Administrative Center’s rules and obligations. In some countries, sending your documents via courier is enough to the embassy/consulate/Visa Administrative Center.
What is the local currency in Kazakhstan?
Kazakhstani Tenge is the local currency in Kazakhstan. 100 USD equals approximately 42,282 Kazakhstani Tenge.
Could the Embassy/Consulate request me to provide additional documents or information?
The embassy may request you to provide additional documents or information, according to your personal situation, even after you have submitted all the required documents mentioned on the official website of the Embassy/Consulate/Visa Application Center.
Can I get a refusal for my E-visa application?
Despite it rarely happens, it is possible to get a refusal from Kazakhstan E-visa application.
What happens after submitting Kazakhstan E-visa?
Your E-visa will be sent to your email once it is approved. Electronic visa gives the right to enter/exit Kazakhstan only through the international airports of Nur-Sultan and Almaty.